Landshut

This article is about the city in Bavaria. For other uses, see Landshut (disambiguation).
Landshut (Bavarian: Landshuad) is a town in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany, belonging to both Eastern and Southern Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also the seat of the surrounding district, and with a population of more than 60,000. Landshut is the largest city in Lower Bavaria, followed by Passau and Straubing, and Eastern Bavaria's second biggest city.

Owing to its characteristic coat of arms, the town is also often called "Three Helmets City" (German: Dreihelmenstadt). Furthermore, the town is popularly known for the Landshuter Hochzeit (Landshut Wedding), a full-tilt medieval festival.

Due to its proximity and easy access to Munich and the Franz Josef Strauss International Airport, Landshut became a powerful and future-oriented investment area. The town is one of the richest industrialized towns in Bavaria and has East Bavaria's lowest unemployment rate (ca. 1.1% in October 2013), which represents full employment.

Geography
Settings
Landshut lies in the centre of Lower Bavaria, and is part of the Alpine foothills. The River Isar runs through the city centre. Landshut is about 72 kilometres (45 mi) northeast of Munich.

 


History
The city of Landshut and Trausnitz castle were founded in 1204 by Duke Louis I. Landshut was already a Wittelsbach residence by 1231, and in 1255, when the duchy of Bavaria was split in two, Landshut also became the capital of Lower Bavaria. Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes who ruled Bayern-Landshut in the 15th century. The wedding of Duke George with the Polish Princess Royal Jadwiga Jagiellon in 1475 was celebrated in Landshut with one of the most splendid festivals of the Middle Ages (called "Landshuter Hochzeit"). After his death and the Landshut War of Succession, Bavaria-Landshut was reunited with Bavaria-Munic.

Louis X, Duke of Bavaria built the Landshut Residence 1537–1543 after his visit to Italy. Louis built the first Renaissance palace constructed north of the Alps after the Palazzo Te in Mantua. William V, Duke of Bavaria ordered to upgrade Trausnitz Castle from a gothic fortification into a renaissance complex when he lived in Landshut as crown prince for ten years until 1579. Afterwards Landshut lost most of its importance until the University of Ingolstadt was moved to Landshut in 1800. But already in 1826 the university was transferred to Munich.

During World War II, a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp was located in the city to provide slave labour for local industry.

The U.S. Army maintained facilities in Landshut, including Pinder Kaserne and a dependent housing area, until 1968.

Since the opening of Munich airport close to Landshut in 1992, the town has become an attractive business location.

Main sights and culture
The town is of national importance because of its predominantly Gothic architecture within the historic town centre, especially Trausnitz Castle and the Church of Saint Martin featuring the world's tallest brick tower. Among other Gothic architecture are the churches of St. Jodok and Holy Spirit, but also the Town Hall and the Ländtor, the only still existing gate of the medieval fortification.

Landshut is also known for a festival celebrated every four years called the Landshuter Hochzeit, commemorating the 1475 marriage of George of Bavaria and Jadwiga Jagiellon.

The renaissance era produced in particular the decorated inner courtyard of the Trausnitz Castle and the ducal Landshut Residence in the inner town. Baroque churches are represented by the Jesuit church St. Ignatius, the Dominican church St. Blasius and the church of St. Joseph. Also the medieval churches of the Seligenthal Convent and of the Cistercians were redesigned in baroque style. Many old middle-class houses of the past in the Old Town still represent the history of the town from the Gothic times to the Neo-Classicism.

Waldenburg Schloss

Waldenburg Castle (Hohenlohe)

Waldenburg Castle lies on the outskirts of Waldenburg on a mountain spur, which extends over the Hohenloher level rises. The partly as a Renaissance chateau executed building is owned by the house of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst.

History
The Waldenburg region was in 1250 a fief of the noble Hohenlohe. A first written mention of a castle is noted for the year 1253rd The city rights were Waldenburg already awarded 1330th The conversion to the castle took place in the 16th century, parts of the changes in the 18th century were undone. Head for one of the Hohenlohe-lines, the building was 1553. The donjon, also referred to as Männle storm, received its present form in 1576. In the early 17th century were more structural changes, where Heinrich Schickhardt acted as advisor, performed. The castle was abandoned in 1679 because the line Hohenlohe-Waldenburg became extinct. The Castle Church St. Michael was built by Christian Stukkateurmeister Dornacher in 1781 and 1782nd In the 19th century the castle was by a inheritance extensively renovated newly created line Hohenlohe-Waldenburg. The castle fell, as well as nearly 80 percent of the total urban area in 1945 by shelling the flames. From 1948 to 1963 took place the reconstruction.

Waldburger Fastnacht
On February 7, 1570 had Earl Eberhard von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg and his wife, Countess Agathe von Tübingen invited aristocratic friends and relatives to be, among other the brother of the Countess, George III. of Tübingen, the nephew Count Albrecht von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, Valentin von Berlichingen, Kunz of Vellberg and Simon of Neudeck. Possibly inspired by the customs of the area, one was hit on the idea to dress up, even though three years earlier a national order had been issued that forbade the carnival: The women dressed up as angels and men as devils. At the festival, a fire broke out, which was triggered by a costume that caught fire. Several visitors came as a result of the disaster killed, many were seriously injured. What happened, portrays Hofprediger Apin in an authentic contemporary report:

"Anno 1570, 7 February is hergegangen foul to Waldenburg; has gone an infuriating case since the vexing Satan from God Verhangnus has done a schröckliche tragedies and Spectacul, and as a recharger Schadenfroh be Mutlein by lust cooled: why should we paint him nit through the door, invite even a guest, because he cometh probably by himself, or where it is equal to itself nit get there, because he sends out his messengers.
At that time, to Waldenburg in the Shrove Tuesday, in addition to the counts and in addition to those of the nobility together nine countesses whose several masked with Einern English beautiful Habit, therefore, went to even white clothes with white a cardboard wings, as it is usually the angels to paint, and wore on their heads white papierne crowns, therein small wax Lichtlein were burning and shining: on the other hand, the gentlemen and the nobility with a nasty habit masked, were on their pants and Wammes, arm and legs, thick sew tow of flax strong with thread and tie, that they were in zotticht and ragged, as it is usually the Cacodaemones and black Höllhund to paint.

By now, after held dance at night while around 10 impact uf the upper room at the light kneeling bring together a Mummtanz, and not fürsichtig deal with the light, when ye depart from burning gout the tow unawares at: soon there will be a on the hall great tumult and baking, a big fright, cries and lamentations: Kunz of Vellberg are soon to escape, and thus disguised, he jumps a worm that he comes unscathed, and is infected nit from the others, but Valtellina von Berlichingen and Simon of Neudeck, Count Albert von Hohenlohe (Neuenstein) burn so hard that they need a few weeks to stay in bed. Count Georg von Tübingen empfaht supper 22 February.

Afterwards (March 5), the Sontag was Laetare, (because suddenly one another and new random beaten him to fire), dies at 8 clock in the morning and afterwards the 7th hujus with his consort great suffering, pain and lamentation, buried to Oehringen in the collegiate churches since then I have done him a funeral sermon, which I afterwards his wife's mother sent to her desire May 22 with my GH Easy Sermon into gene Lichteneck, however her graces me the following 24 July has the Buben Hofen can deliver him: a silver cup with a lid on their coat of arms of Tübingen has been gouged out. My gn. Lord, Count Eberhard, burned so hard that he afterwards the 21 and 22 February all the fingers on beeden hands had cut lying outside, but received before the 29th (which was then Sunday Reminiscere) the Rev. Supper, even did a beautiful Christian Bekanntnus, because I had a special union favor. Afterwards the 9th Marti, four days after his master's brother-Graf Georgen farewell, dies in females Stuben 10 strike this morning in my Beiwesen, is buried the day 11 hujus to Oehringen in the collegiate churches in addition to his wife's mother and next Count Georgen christian blessed Gedächtnus because I then did him a light sermon. 14 Marti sat Count Albrecht go home again after Neuenstein, and rise again with advice and Hülf his wife mother.

In the fire Veltin the Count Albert von Hohenlohe, Eberhard von Waldburg and Georg of Tübingen came from Berlichingen and Simon of Neudeck, lost their lives.

Buildings
The castle was constructed externally extent possible according to historical appearance. Parts of the building are in the Renaissance style, while the castle church already classicist contains elements. The interiors were no longer true to the original, but also simplifies rebuilt.

Seal Museum
On the ground floor of the Castle Museum is a seal since 1972 established. The collection dates back to the 19th century and was founded by Prince Karl zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg. This is one of the founding fathers of sigillography. In the exhibited seals there are reproductions, of which have either themselves have an old age.

Castle Administration:
County Zwickau
Waldenburg Castle
Peniger Straße 10
08396 Waldenburg
Contact:
E-mail: ralph.zenker@landkreis-zwickau.de
Phone: (0375) 440227131 or 440 227 123
Contact Tourist Office Waldenburg:

E-mail: tourismus-kultur@waldenburg.de
Phone:
(037 608) 21000 or (0375) 440 227 045

Opening times:

Waldenburg Castle / tourism department of the city Waldenburg

Tuesday to Friday: 10:00 to 16:00 clock

Saturday / Sunday 13:00 until 17:00 clock

The tourism department of the city Waldenburg is located in the main building of Schloss Waldenburg and supervised the tourist lock operation (sightseeing / tours).
Guided castle tours are possible during opening times without prior notification. Castle tours without accompanying personnel are not possible.

Castle tours (duration about 1.5 hours; only after registration) are available year round at the desired time possible.
Registrations accepts the tourism department of the city of Waldenburg.

Naturalienkabinett and City Museum

Naturalienkabinett Waldenburg
Siblings Scholl Platz 1
08396 Waldenburg
037608.22519
www.museum-waldenburg.de

A cabinet full of rarities:
Astronomical and Physical equipment | fish, reptile and amphibian collection | Spiritus preparations bird collection | coral | Insects Conchilien | Hunting trophies | Deformed calves | herbaria | Wood Collection Fossils | minerals and rocks Ethnography | Egyptian mummies | Art + Craft