With nearly two million overnight stays per year and 15,000 guest beds Sölden is a major tourist area, mainly for winter sports. The former character of a mountain farming village that was prevalent throughout Ötztal until the second half of the 20th century, was lost and was replaced by a tourist-alpine style.
Geography
The municipality of Sölden extends from the green dilatation of the fourth Ötztal stage to the high-level watershed in the south, the border with South Tyrol, Italy forms. 146 square kilometers are covered by glaciers, 321 km² of peaks, alpine meadows and forests, and only about 1 km² built by man. Thus Sölden in the Ötztal the largest municipality in Austria.
Community structure
The municipality comprises the following five localities (in parentheses population status October 31, 2011 [1] ):
- Gurgl (499)
- Holy Cross (155)
- Sölden (2378)
- Vent (178)
- Zwieselstein (155)
The community consists of the cadastral Sölden.
Districts
Districts are: Angern, Anraitl, Outdoor Forest, Außerwindau, Berghof, mountain, this Bodenegg, Brandle, three houses, level, Gaislach, Gehörde, Granbichl, Granstein, Grünwald, Haimbach, Haslpuit, Holy Cross, Hochgurgl, Hochsoelden , courtyard, Hoefle, Infang, Innerwald , Innerwindau, Emperor, Kress well, Königsrain, fief, Leith, Lochlehn, Mittelwindau, Moss, Neder, Obergurgl, Pill, Pirchhütt, Pitze, plate, Plör, Plödern, Poschach, Puit, Rainstadl, Rechenau, Rettenbachferner, Rettenbachferner savior Bachl, Rofen , Santle, Schmiedhof, lakes, pages, Solden, Tiefenbachferner, Untergurgl, undergrowth, Vent , wild moss, Winterstall, Welfare and Zwieselstein.
Sölden
The former little Sölden has grown together with the other hamlets in a little village, here is with hotels, restaurants and guest houses also the tourist center of the municipality.
In the south of Sölden the cable car starts to the Gaislachkogel up to 3,058 m altitude. From mercenaries Pitze 13 km of branches glacier road from the ski resorts Rettenbachferner and, via the highest tunnel in the Alps to the Tiefenbachferner.
Hochsoelden
Above the valley lies at about 2083 m above sea level. A. The 4-star hotel complex Hochsoelden is across the road and a cable car connected to the valley.
Zwieselstein
In Zwieselstein ("zwieselt") divides the rear Ötztal in the Venter and Gurgler valley . This town has preserved ancient wooden houses partly their rural character. Zwieselstein was first mentioned in 1269 as Twiselsteyn documented. The place is also known as a stopping place opened in 1972 European long-distance route E5 .
Holy Cross
Holy Cross at 1712 m above sea level. A. consists of several 8 km to the Venter valley scattered groups of houses. Since 1956, the road link to Vent has been continuously expanded and secured with avalanche galleries. In contrast to the other districts of Sölden, Holy Cross has opened up a little touristy.
Vent
The district Vent lies at an altitude of 1895 m above sea level. A. Venter at the end of the valley.
Obergurgl
At the end of Gurgler Tales are Obergurgl, with its 1,930 m, the highest parish in Austria and, a little higher on the road to Timmelsjoch located (2,150 m), the hotel complex Hochgurgl, both, as the places to Sölden, major ski areas (altitude of the ski area 1,800 m to 3,080 m). Obergurgl is also home to the University Centre Obergurgl, a convention center of the University of Innsbruck .
Alfred Hitchcock turned his second in 1926, now considered lost force movie The Mountain Eagle in Obergurgl. A greater awareness brought Obergurgl the emergency landing of stratospheric balloons of the Swiss physicist and scientist Auguste Piccard 27 May 1931 on the Gurgler Further. Piccard honor a monument was erected in 1989 in Obergurgl, which commemorates this landing.
Hochgurgl
Hochgurgl at 2,150 meters above sea level is a hotel complex on the road to Timmelsjoch . The ski resort of Hochgurgl is connected with that in Obergurgl by a cable car. From the highest point of the ski area, the 3082 m high Wurmkogel , you have a comprehensive view of the mountains of North and South Tyrol.
History
The high pastures of the rearmost Inner Ötztal have already visited the Stone Age hunters and shepherds, as well as the discovery of Ötzi showed. They came from the south via the main Alpine ridge and began about 4500 v. Chr. by slashing and burning the forest line to increase the usable pasture. The Ötztal valley was originally only as Alm from Vinschgau used from. The gradual settlement activity from the south coined numerous Romansh place names, especially in the Venter valley , and in intra ötztaler dialect Romanesque expressions have been preserved to this day.
The place name Sölden derives from "selda" which means as much as the smallest rural property size decreases. Sölden was first mentioned in 1150 in a document as Seldon. 1811 Sölden formed one of ten Bars and Law Societies of the Court Peter Berg , who in 1817 declared a political community. In 1854 the municipality Vent until 1826 court Kastelbell belonging Venosta, incorporated. In 1923, the remaining share of community in Austria Schnals village of Sölden.
Livelihood of the residents was to gradual onset of tourism mainly livestock and trade using the Timmelsjoch and Hochjoch.
Sölden, Gurgl and Vent collected 1891 independent parishes.
Mid-19th century it came with the construction of shelters and trails, promoted by the "glacier priest" Franz Senn , a first tourist development. The expansion of the winter sports center began in 1948 with the first lifts, which 1975 and 1981 was followed by the development of Rettenbach- or Tiefenbachferner.
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Cable car accident in Sölden
On 5 September 2005, a helicopter lost a concrete bucket, which hit the Black-cutting line 1 on the rope. By the vibrations crashed a gondola, two other discs were torn from their anchorage. By this accident nine people were killed and six others injured, some seriously.
Culture and sights
See also: List of objects listed in Soelden (Oetztal)
- Kath. Parish Church of the Visitation in Sölden Rettenbachferner
- Kath. Parish Church of St. Johannes Nepomuk and St. Paul in Obergurgl
- Kath. Parish Church of St. James in Vent
- Kaplaneikirche the Finding of the Cross in Holy Cross
- Chapel St. Theresa Rofen
- Chapel St. Sebastian in Winterstall
- Chapel Mariahilfplatz Zwieselstein
- Memorial to Martin Scheiber (1856-1939), pioneer of the Austrian tourism in Obergurgl, by sculptor Karl Obleitner
Economy and infrastructure
Tourism
Tourism, especially winter tourism, is the dominant economic factor in the municipality Soelden. Until the 1970 summer tourism played next to the winter tourism a more important role, with the development of glaciers and subsequent expansion of the winter ski lost the summer growing in importance. An exception to this is the part of the municipality Sölden mountain village Vent, in the summer tourism continues to play an important role. Since the turn of the millennium will be tried in Sölden and Obergurgl to revive the moribund new summer tourism. Other important economic factors are some of craft and service companies, most of which are, however, directly dependent on winter tourism.
Tourist infrastructure in winter
The Sölden ski area, which also includes two glaciers ( Rettenbachferner and Tiefenbachferner ) part has 39 ski lifts and 146 km of slopes. The main part of the area is situated at an altitude of about 2,000 m and reached in three places a height of over 3,000 meters (BIG 3). The highest attainable by lift point is located at 3,250 meters above sea level. In addition, an open-air theater and the place on the Rettenbachgletscher annual FIS Ski World Cup instead, see FIS Alpine World Cup in Soelden . On Rettenbachgletscher on 5 September 2005, a tragic cable car accident in which nine people died by a helicopter flying over by a falling concrete buckets killed occurred. In 2010, with the deep 17 meters, 416,500 cubic meters the largest man-making "Panoramasee" storage pond Tyrol for snowmaking facilities put into operation.
Tourist Infrastructure Overview (Sölden):
- 39 cable cars (1377-3250 m)
- 148.3 km of slopes (of which 61.5 km blue, red and 58.3 km 31.1 km black run, as well as 6 km of ski trails)
- three cross-country skiing (16 km)
- illuminated toboggan run
- lighted ice rink
- Swimming pool, tennis hall, sports arena
- 38 huts
- 2 terrain parks (Tiefenbach / Giggijoch)
Tourist Infrastructure Overview (Obergurgl / Hochgurgl):
- 23 cable cars (1800-3080 meters)
- 110 km of slopes (of which 35 km are blue, 55 km red and 20 km black pistes, ski routes)
- 36 km cross country ski trail
- lighted ice rink
Tourist Infrastructure Overview (Vent):
- 4 cable cars (from 1900 m to 2680 m)
- 15 km of slopes (including 5 km of blue, 10 km red, ski routes)
- 4 km cross country ski trail
Tourist infrastructure in summer
Summer tourism in Sölden is mainly characterized by mountain hikes, high alpine mountaineering. In addition to the numerous pastures there are 16 alpine refuges , mostly the sections of the German Alpine Club include.
Tourist infrastructure at a glance:
- 300 km walking
- Bike paths (forest roads)
- Mountain Climbing, climbing
- Tennis court, indoor pool
Agriculture
Agriculture is dominated by small-scale, mostly operated as a sideline cattle and sheep. Furthermore, in recent years, horse breeding, mainly Haflinger , gained in importance.
Projects
The Tiwag plans for water supply for the expansion of Gepatsch memory previously untreated torrents Venter Ache , Gurgler Ache and the Ferwall- and the king Bach from Obergurgl to accumulate and dissipate. The WWF evaluated the projects on the basis of the criteria catalog of the Federal Environment Ministry as "ecologically devastating " and several environmental organizations pointed out that the statement submitted by the Tiwag water management framework plan according to the law should only target the protection and restoration of rivers, but not to its energy-commercial use.
Policy
Council
The council consists of 15 members and has been working for the municipal elections in 2010, mandates the following parties together:
- 5 List with Ernst scoop - represents the Mayor
- 3 List of peasant community Sölden
- 2 Economic Development and Tourism
- 2 Giovanni civil list
- 2 Together for Sölden - the generation list
- 1 Future list
Mayor
The mayor's office is vested by Ernst Georg scoop from the "list of Ernst scoop".
Coat of arms
Blazon : In a split of silver and red shield a Gothic church on the split line in colors confused with the tower in a silver field. From the upper edge of two fallen red and silver half peaks, each with a church in confused colors.
The three churches in 1960 awarded coat of arms represent the three parishes in the county (Sölden, Gurgl, Vent). The notches in the background are a symbol of the prehistoric transitions (yokes) by South Tyrol .
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